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- 100% practice based classes
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- 1 on 1 physics teacher available
- Oral and Written CBT daily
- Online Physics coaching
- Offline Physics Coaching
- Top quality latest and updated study material
- Topic wise mock tests
- Chapter wise mock tests
- Full syllabus mock tests
- Customised Mock Tests
- 4-5 times revision throughout the session
- Backup lectures for revision
- 1 on 1 doubts session
About CBSE Class 12 Physics Teacher
CBSE Class 12 Physics Teacher offers you 100% practice based physics learning experience. Enroll in CBSE Class 12 Physics with the convenience of online or offline learning. Gain comprehensive knowledge of the Class 12 Physics curriculum and develop the skills to solve Class 12 Physics questions effectively. Access a range of resources, including mock tests, high-quality study materials, video lectures, solutions to questions, and interactive doubt sessions. Enroll now to enhance your preparation for the CBSE Class 12 Physics examination.
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About Class 12 Physics Subject for CBSE Board
The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) is the most prominent examination board for Class 12 examinations. Approximately 17 lakh students appear for Class 12 examinations annually. Out of these, approximately 8 lakh students appear for Class 12 science examinations. Therefore, a minimum of 8 lakh students write the Class 12 Physics examination conducted by the CBSE board every year. Physics has been one of the most widely discussed subjects on the internet, social media, YouTube, and Google due to its examination paper and difficulty level. To achieve good marks, students require significant attention, genuine preparation, and a deep understanding of the subject matter. The Physics question paper is entirely based on the NCERT curriculum and covers a comprehensive range of topics.
Overview of CBSE Class 12 Physics
The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) conducts the Class 12 examinations, which are crucial for students aspiring for higher education. Physics is one of the core subjects for science stream students, with approximately 8 lakh students appearing for this examination each year. Given its comprehensive and challenging nature, Physics requires thorough understanding with deep knowledge and preparation.
Exam Pattern
The CBSE Class 12 Physics exam pattern is designed to evaluate a student’s understanding and application of concepts:
- Theory Paper: TThe theory component is divided into several sections:
- Section A (16 Marks): This section comprises 12 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and 4 assertion-reason questions.
- Section B (10 Marks): This section consists of 5 questions, each carrying 2 marks, with internal options.
- Section C (21 Marks): This section comprises 7 questions, each carrying 3 marks, with internal options.
- Section D (8 Marks): This section consists of 2 case-based study questions, each carrying 4 marks. Each question has 4 internal questions, each carrying 1 mark.
- Section E (15 Marks): This section comprises 3 questions, each carrying 5 marks. Each question has internal options.
- Marks Distribution: The theory paper carries 70 marks.
- Practical Examination: The practicals are conducted separately and account for 30 marks.
Syllabus
The CBSE Class 12 Physics syllabus is extensive and covers a wide range of topics that are crucial for a deep understanding of physical concepts:
- Electrostatics ( click to watch chapter videos )
- Current Electricity
- Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism
- Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents
- Electromagnetic Waves
- Optics
- Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
- Atoms and Nuclei
- Semiconductor Electronics
These topics are based on the NCERT textbooks and are fundamental in preparing for both the board exams and competitive exams like JEE and NEET.
Detailed Syllabus of Class 12 Physics for CBSE exam 2026
CBSE PHYSICS Class XII (Code No.42)
Senior Secondary stage of school education is a stage of transition from general education to discipline-based focus on curriculum. The present updated syllabus keeps in view the rigor and depth of disciplinary approach as well as the comprehension level of learners. Due care has also been taken that the syllabus is comparable to the international standards. Salient features of the syllabus include:
● Emphasis on basic conceptual understanding of the content.
● Emphasis on use of SI units, symbols, nomenclature of physical quantities and formulations as per international standards.
● Providing logical sequencing of units of the subject matter and proper placement of concepts with their linkage for better learning.
● Reducing the curriculum load by eliminating overlapping of concepts/content within the discipline and other disciplines.
● Promotion of process-skills, problem-solving abilities and applications of Physics concepts.
Besides, the syllabus also attempts to Strengthen the concepts developed at the secondary stage to provide firm foundation for further learning in the subject. Expose the learners to different processes used in Physics-related industrial and technological applications.Develop process-skills and experimental, observational, manipulative, decision making and investigatory skills in the learners. Promote problem solving abilities and creative thinking in learners. Develop conceptual competence in the learners and make them realize and appreciate the interface of Physics with other disciplines.
CLASS XII (2024-25) PHYSICS (THEORY) syllabus, Time: 3 hrs. Max Marks: 70
| Title | Marks |
|---|---|
| Unit 1 – Electrostatics Unit 2 – Current Electricity | 16 |
| Unit 3 – Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism Unit 4 – Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents | 17 |
| Unit 5 – Electromagnetic Waves Unit 6 – Optics | 18 |
| Unit 7 – Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter Unit 8 – Atoms and Nuclei | 12 |
| Unit 9 – Electronic Devices | 7 |
| Total Marks – 70 |
Description of Physics syllabus for Class 12 Physics Exam CBSE board
Unit I: Electrostatics
- Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields
- Electric charge, Charges conservation, Coulomb’s law between two point charges.
- Forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution.
- Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines.
- Electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field.
- Electric flux, statement of Gauss’s theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside).
- Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
- Electrostatic potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charges: equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field.
- Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics and electric polarisation, capacitors and capacitance, combination of capacitors in series and in parallel.
- Capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor.
Unit II: Current Electricity
- Chapter-3: Current Electricity
- Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility, and their relation with electric current; Ohm’s law, electrical resistance, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity.
- Carbon resistors, colour code for carbon resistors; series and parallel combinations of resistors; temperature dependence of resistance.
- Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and in parallel, Kirchhoff’s laws, Wheatstone bridge, etc.
Unit III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism – 25 Periods
Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism
Concept of magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment. Biot – Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop. Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire. Straight solenoid (only qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields. Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of ampere, torque experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, moving coil galvanometer- its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.
Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter
Bar magnet, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis (qualitative treatment only), torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field lines. Magnetic properties of materials- Para-, dia- and ferro – magnetic substances with examples, Magnetization of materials, effect of temperature on magnetic properties.
Unit IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents – 24 Periods
Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction
Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s laws, induced EMF and current; Lenz’s Law, Self and mutual induction.
Chapter–7: Alternating Current
Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance; LCR series circuit (phasors only), resonance, power in AC circuits, power factor, wattless current. AC generator, Transformer.
Unit V: Electromagnetic waves – 04 Periods
Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves
Basic idea of displacement current, Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, their transverse nature (qualitative idea only). Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses.
Unit VI: Optics – 30 Periods
Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
Ray Optics: Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction of light, total internal reflection and optical fibers, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens maker’s formula, magnification, power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, refraction of light through a prism. Optical instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers.
Chapter–10: Wave Optics
Wave optics: Wave front and Huygen’s principle, reflection and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen’s principle. Interference, Young’s double slit experiment and expression for fringe width (No derivation final expression only), coherent sources and sustained interference of light, diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maxima (qualitative treatment only).
Unit VII: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter – 08 Periods
Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation-particle nature of light. Experimental study of photoelectric effect Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de-Broglie relation.
Unit VIII: Atoms and Nuclei – 15 Periods
Chapter–12: Atoms
Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model of hydrogen atom, Expression for radius of nth possible orbit, velocity and energy of electron in nth orbit, hydrogen line spectra (qualitative treatment only).
Chapter–13: Nuclei
Composition and size of nucleus, nuclear force Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission, nuclear fusion.
Unit IX: Electronic Devices 10 Periods
Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits
Energy bands in conductors, semiconductors and insulators (qualitative ideas only) Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors- p and n type, p-n junction Semiconductor diode – I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, application of junction diode -diode as a rectifier.
Marks and Grading System
The grading system follows a percentile grading based on the marks obtained. The theory and practical marks are combined to give a total out of 100, which is then graded according to the CBSE norms.
Important Dates
- Exam Dates: CBSE class 12 exam starts from mid february.
- Practical Exams: Usually held in January-February.
- Result Declaration: Results are usually announced in May.
Results
The results for the CBSE Class 12 Physics examination are crucial as they play a significant role in shaping a student’s academic and professional future. They are typically announced online, and students can access their results via the official CBSE website or through SMS services provided by the board.
Preparation Tips
To excel in the Physics exam, students should:
- Focus on understanding core concepts rather than rote learning.
- Practice previous years’ question papers and sample papers.
- Allocate regular time for revision and self-evaluation.
- Focus on each and every word of NCERT Physics textbook and Exemplars Download ncert books and exemplars
Conclusion
Physics in CBSE Class 12 is a subject that not only requires intellectual effort but also strategic preparation. With dedication and the right approach to studying, students can achieve remarkable results. Ensuring a strong grasp of the syllabus and consistent practice are key to success.
This structured approach to CBSE Class 12 Physics aims to aid students in effective preparation and achieving excellent results, thereby opening doors to numerous opportunities in higher education and professional careers.
Comprehensive Resources for CBSE Class 12 Physics Examination Preparation
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